Private Process – Internal to a specific organization

A public business process model is therefore a representation of interactions between an internal business process and participants outside that process. Internal activities of the private business process not having any interaction with the outside participants are not shown in this type of model. In short, its aim is to show only the sequence of message flows of the private business process model with the other participants. Within the internal business process, the only types of activities shown are send message and receive message.

Private Process – Other names:

• Workflow
• BPM Processes
• Orchestration of services
• Can be executable and non-executable
• Contained within a single Pool
• The flow of Messages can cross the Pool boundary to show the interactions that exist between separate private Business Processes

There are two types of private Processes: executable and non-executable.

• An executable Process is a Process that has been modeled for being executed according to the defined BPMN execution semantics. Of course, during the development
  cycle of the Process, there will be stages in which the Process does not have enough detail to be “executable.”
• A non-executable Process is a private Process that has been modeled for documenting Process behavior at a modeler-defined level of detail. Thus, information
  needed for execution, such as formal condition expressions are typically not included in a non-executable Process.

Public Process

A public business process model is therefore a representation of interactions between an internal business process and participants outside that process. Internal activities of the private business process not having any interaction with the outside participants are not shown in this type of model, while a public Process represents the interactions to and from another Process or Participant

In short, its aim is to show only the sequence of message flows of the private business process model with the other participants. Within the internal business process, the only types of activities shown are send message and receive message.

• Represents the interactions between a private Business Process and another Process or Participant
• Only those Activities that are used to communicate to the other Participant(s) are included in the public Process
• All other “internal” Activities of the private Business Process are not shown
• Public Process shows to the outside world the Message Flows and the order of those Message Flows that are needed to interact with that Process
• Public Processes can be modeled separately or within a Collaboration to show the flow of Messages between the public Process Activities and other Participants
• Called “abstract” in BPMN 1.2.
• Public Process is orchestrated by the private processes (as oppose to Collaboration)

Collaborative process.

A Collaboration depicts the interactions between two or more business entities. A Collaboration usually contains two or more Pools, representing the Participants
in the Collaboration. The Message exchange between the Participants is shown by a Message Flow that connects two Pools (or the objects within the Pools). The
Messages associated with the Message Flows can also be shown graphically.

Choreography

A self-contained Choreography (no Pools or Orchestration) is a definition of the expected behavior, basically, a procedural contract between interacting Participants. Although a normal Process exists within a Pool, a Choreography exists between Pools (or Participants).

 

References

• Business Process Modeling
  • What is BPMN?
  • BPMN Orchestration vs Choreography vs Collaboration
  • BPMN Activity Types Explained
  • Types of sub-Process in BPMN
  • How to Partition and Manage a Large BPMN Diagram?
  • Learning BPMN Events
• Business Process Reengineering
  • What is Business Process Reengineering?
  • Business Process Improvement vs Business Process Reengineering
  • Best Business Process Reengineering Software for Agile BPR

Looking for more information about BPMN (Business Process Model and Notation) in handouts, or even articles and BPMN pdf tutorials, know that here are excellent materials in my collection to download, read, study and consult when needed! 

1. BPMN PDF Posters – This BPMN PDF poster is a practical query guide that you should always have on hand. In addition to being very easy to see, it is beautiful enough for you to put on your wall. If you need, on the same page there are versions in several languages, to share with friends around the world!Download here: http://www.bpmb.de/images/BPMN2_0_Poster_EN.pdf
2. BPMN 2.0 handbook  (Sample Chapter) Dr. Bruce Silver – This Sample Chapter presents new process diagram features in BPMN version 2.0, providing a view of processes and how things are done through flowcharts adapted to business processes and their interactions. It shows a wide range of issues worth getting to know. – See all of this by accessing this link: http://www.conradbock.org/white-bpmn2-process-bookmark-web.pdf
3. What is BPMN? – Excellent BPMN article
4. BPMN – from OMG  and BPM Glossary – Document / Specification and Chapters
5. BPMN – From Visual Paradigm Online – Free Examples and online editing
6. BPMN 1.1 Specification from OMG
7. BPMN 2.0 Specification from OMG
8. BPMN Lecture Slides – by Marlon Dumas
9. Introduction to BPMN Slides
10. BPMN Notation Guide by Gragsystems
11. BPMN Lecture Notes
12. BPMN Cheatsheet
13. BPMN Examples by Camunda
14. BPMN 2.0 Notation Guide with BPMN Advanced notation and examples by NobleProg
15. BPMN Tutorial with Example – The Leave Application Process
16. What is New in BPMN 2.0? by GitBook BPMN
17. BPMN by Examples – for BPMN 2.0 by OMG

 

 

 

 

In a BPMN process diagram, all these activities will be depicted by rounded rectangles. The rectangles are connected by arrows, called sequence flows, which
indicate the order of performance.

Parallel Gateways for Splitting and Merging

Where different courses of action are possible, we need branching points. These are called splitting gateways in BPMN and are depicted as diamonds. Synchronization constructs are also covered by (merging) gateways in BPMN and are also depicted as diamonds. In BPMN, a gateway can also be both splitting and merging.

A splitting parallel gateway splits one path into several paths which are to be processed in parallel. There are no conditions for choosing paths; all outgoing sequence flows receive a token when the gateway fires.

A merging parallel (or synchronizing) gateway simply waits until there is at least one token of the same instance on every incoming sequence flow and then produces a token on its (ideally single) outgoing sequence flow.

BPMN Splitting and Merging Example – Order Process

In the Example below, we have two different types of gateways: there is one type where at the split a decision is required, such as “Price > limit?” and “Permission granted?”; this is the default type of gateway, called exclusive gateway. For any given instance, only one path emerging from the split will be taken. The other type, marked with a “plus” sign, is a parallel gateway, where both paths emerging from the split are taken in parallel, that is, the following tasks (“Acknowledge delivery” and “Check invoice”) may be performed in an arbitrary order.

The parallel splitting and merging gateways follow a “bracketing structure”, that is, every path emerging from the splitting gateway is synchronized at the respective
merging gateway.While such a structure has considerable advantages regarding the avoidance of design errors and the proving of certain properties, it is often more than
convenient to allow a deviation from a bracketing structure.

In our example, this can be seen with the exclusive gateways: not every path outgoing from the decision, “Price > limit?”, leads to the respective merge, because if permission is required but not granted, the process instance will be aborted prematurely. The second exclusive split, “Permission granted?”, does not have a corresponding merge at all.

BPMN Gateway Notation Summary:

Gateways control the sequence flow of the process, and can merge or split the flow as dictated by the gateway conditions.

Symbol	Description
​​	Normal/Exclusive gateway – When splitting, routes the flow to one outgoing branch. When merging, waits for one incoming branch to complete before triggering the outgoing flow.
​	Parallel gateway – When splitting, activates all outgoing branches simultaneously. When merging, waits for all incoming branches to complete.
​	Inclusive gateway – When splitting, activates one or more branches. When merging, waits for all incoming branches to complete before merging.
​	Event-based gateway – Followed by catching events or receive tasks and routes the flow to whichever of these happens first.
​	Exclusive event-based gateway – Starts a new process instance for each occurrence of a subsequent event.
​	Parallel event-based gateway – Starts a new process instance for the occurrence of all subsequent events.
​	Complex gateway – Treats complex merging or branching behavior not covered by other gateways.

BPMN Example – Business Process Diagram Example: Vendor Management System

This is a BPMN process diagram for vendor management. It shows a to-be purchasing process for creating new Vendors. This BPM shows multiple tasks, gateways (decisions) and connectors.

Visual Paradigm BPMN Video: Take a Quick Tour

Reference:

• A Rigorous Semantics for BPMN 2.0 Process Diagrams by Felix Kossak · Christa Illibauer Verena Geist and others
• Business Process Design with Powerful BPMN Software

• Modeling As-Is and To-Be Analysis using BPMN